Abstract:
The heart, most important organs in the entire human body is essentially a
muscle (a little larger than the fist). The heart serves as a pump because of its
ability to contract under an electrical stimulus. The conduction system of the
heart consists of structures called the SINOATRIAL NODE. The SA node fires
the electrical impulses through the bioelectrical mechanism. The contraction of
so many muscle cells at one time creates a mass electrical signal that can be
detected by electrodes placed on the surface of the patient’s chest. This
electrical discharge can be mechanically plotted as a function of time, and the
resultant wave form is called ELECTRO-CARDIO-GRAM
Signal processing of electrocardiogram (ECG) provides indispensable
information to cardiac disease diagnosis. Most of the characteristic changes in
ECG epochs are detected to produce diagnosis-aiding information that is
clinically significant. Most of heart problem are extremes heart beats, premature
contraction, heart blocks and fibrillation classified as ARRHYTHMIAX and are
detected by a very minute electric signal that appears after the normal heart
cycle (QRS Complex). This signal is termed as the Late Potential. Late potential
is difficult to detect because they are small amplitude signal which are embedded
in noise typically found on the surface ECG recoding. Moreover because of the
variability of QRS duration in human hearts the time domain analysis of LATE
POTENTIAL does not provide desired accuracy and reliability.
A need has been felt to convert the time domain analysis to the
frequency domain analysis and filtration of inherited noise to improve accuracy.
This very need form the basis of our motivation to undertake the project
Moreover this facility is not even available in the elite hospitals of Pakistan,
where by the multinational companies are pumping in staggering investments in
this area of research, taken up at higher levels this venture can be a major
medical breakthrough.
