Optimal Antenna Placement in a mesh Based mobile AD HOC networks (Flex man)

Abstract

This thesis deals with the making of an algorithm and a visual simulation tool for optimal solution of antenna placement in a mesh based mobile ad hoc network. This software- in a mesh based ad hoc network- is developed with the intention of innovation in design and progression of mobile antennas with an algorithm that can read GIS (geological information system) terrain i.e. information about the obstacles in a particular area, which are displayed as three dimensional models DEM (Digital Elevation Model). This software basically provides an algorithm based in mat lab which can read terrain/height information and land data for antenna placement module called as antenna locator from a source and the phenomenon has been visually simulated in visual C++. The software in the proposed research was developed to aid the idea that how an algorithm can help in proficient and efficient location of the moving antenna and maintaining communication, even if there are obstacles between those moving antennas. Establishment of communication in such a dynamic environment is quite a tedious task. The Line of sight principle might sound an easy solution for planning the antenna locations in such environments as most of the UHF-VHF antennas work on LOS but it’s a little complex when we work in 3D. Incorporation of DEM and height, curvature of earth and terrain limitation make it complex. It will assist and facilitate the network planners to optimally place antennas and thus improve the efficiency and reliability of tracking an antenna and as well as keeping them in contact, for any particular mobile ad hoc network scenario. Antenna locator in this thesis implements that the minimum number of antennas illuminate the maximum of the desired coverage area. It takes into account the location of antennas, their receiving and transmitting power (range) as well while showing the communication amongst the mobile nodes. The antenna locator shows the result with the help of the algorithm which establishes the communication between mobile nodes with certain conditions. To illustrate this fact, it animates the mobile antennas as nodes in the form of circular rods continuously moving on the DEM. By integrating with GPS (Global Positioning System) this software can be used for studying the resource allocation of wireless networks using ad hoc approach under different traffic loads and patters and as well as for the antenna location determination. Also by providing three dimensional traffic data and obstacle data in graphical display, this algorithm generates an idea which can extended not only to study the mobile user locating methods but can be developed into an optimized package which may prove to be very useful in critical warfare situations and military applications.