Process Design and Simulation of Claus Unit for the Conversion of H2S to Sulfur

Abstract

In the many refineries there is environmental pollution due to presence of sulfur content in the different petroleum product. These sulfur content are reduce by using different methods. There is different technique to reduce the sulfur content from petroleum product. the of best are Claus process in Claus Process the hydrogen sulphide gas are reacted with oxygen at the presence of high pressure and temperature and it form water and SO2 gas. There is a method which is used for reduction of sulfur that is incinerator procedure that is not friendly method because they are required high temperature and a high pressure. The method is released a high amount of SO2 gas that are released to atmosphere. In the sour and Sox gases there are presence of ammonia gases and other aromatic components. These sour gases that contained some amount of sulfur and ammonia are recovery in sulfur recovery unit to get sulfur and steam energy that is used for steam generation and this steam are cost effective. The main work on this project and topic is to get simulation by using Aspen Plus software and can get a maximum recovery of sulfur. I have used Aspen Plus software for simulation of Claus process to get maximum efficiency. The result of simulation are shown the completely conversion of sour gas and H2S gas into complete elemental sulfur. The purpose of this simulation of keep the good environment from Sox gases and H2S gases because these gases are damaged the environmental problem. It is also effect on agriculture growth land it is reduced the growth of crops. The important work is done by a scientist who has destroy the NH3 gases that are produced in Claus process because due to NH3 production it caused effect on equipment it has increased the rate of corrosion in the chemical plant. In this process 90 lb/hr of oxygen are used as oxidant for removal of sulfur and Waste heat boiler are used to generation of pressure steam and production of electricity. The behavior of chemical process industry is study by Aspen Plus software. In the Aspen Plus there are optimal study of steam generation, oxygen requirement and hydrogen yield that are further study in Claus process. It is also consider that the conversion of H2S gas is increased by increasing the concentration of oxygen in chemical plant. With increasing the concentration of oxygen has cause great effect on sulfur recovery components from 0.8 to 0.94 percent. It is also notices that with increase the concentration of oxygen concentration in air are caused decrease the effect of NH3 gas that are produced in Claus process. The decreased and reduced the concentration of NH3 is due to oxidation of different gases like SO2, CO2 gas and N2 gases at the temperature of 1300⁰C.it has increase the concentration of Sulfur components and also increase the efficiency of Claus process. It has effect on increase the concentration of Carbon monoxide gases in the reaction furnace. Now we need to optimize or change the parameter of furnace that are causes effect on ammonia destruction and carbon monoxide emission. Keywords: Sulfur Recovery Unit; Ammonia Destructive