Abstract:
The last decade of the century has seen an accelerated rate of the climatic changes resulting in a wave of hydro-meteorological disasters globally. The earth’s internal and external dynamics have also been active resulting into mega earth quakes and other geological disasters. Pakistan because of its extremely diverse geography, ranging from snowcapped mountains to plains, plateaus, deserts and coastal areas, is hence facing a range of climatic and geological like earthquake, flooding, drought, tsunami and cyclones. Besides, the country also faced human induced crises like dislocation and wars. Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), currently the Tribal Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, have not only faced a wave of extremist militancy and conflicts but also has felt an array of natural hazards like extensive rains, floods (flash & riverine), drought, desertification and earthquakes during last one and a half decade. Counter insurgent operations resulted in mass displacement from the area and after clearance and peace restoration the area is now a days passing from the institutional and social transformation and reforms.
