PHENOTYPIC AND GENOTYPIC ANALYSIS OF CARBAPENEM RESISTANT PSEUDOMONAS AERUGINOSA CLINICAL ISOLATES

Abstract

Multi-drug resistance has grown to be a major global health issue in recent years hindering the use of bactericidal drugs in effective treatment of infections. Carbapenem is considered the effective remedy drug against antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is at the top of the list for a range of life-threatening infections. Rapid emergence of Carbapenem resistance in recent years in P.aeruginosa and its high propensity of resistance genes integration across multiple bacterial species is posing aserious threat that needs to be addressed immediately. Different Carbapenem resistant genes has detected successfully in multi-drug resistant strains of A. bumanii and K. pneumoniae. Here we evaluate aquirred carbapenem resistance genes emergence in P. aeruginosa by Multiplex PCR. Our target genes were blaKPC, blaNDM, blaVIM, blaSIM, blaSPM, blaIMP, blaOXA, and blaAIM. We anticipate that bacteria acquired antibiotic resistance genes in stress condition to overcome or efflux antibiotics. Bacterial resistome analysis enable us to limit the application of unnecessary use of range of antibiotics and move towards its vaccine development or effective therapies. In result we found blaNDM presence 6% and blaVIM presence 30%. Later in genome analysis we used resfinder 2.0 and found OXA 10 and OXA 50 as well but amazing thing in CARD most antibiotic resistance present because of point mutation. We also highlighted the virulence part of bacteria in DNA Plotter by which we can design a vaccine for future preventive treatment. P. aeruginosa isn’t simple as we used Island Viewer to check its ability to acquire the necessary genes by various ways like conjugation and phages. Our strain have no plasmid checked by PlasmidFinder 1.3 which clears the thing acquired gene comes through phages because we found some phage sequences in the sequence Phaster 3.0. We did its core and pan phylogeny through BPGA. P. aeruginosa evolved within Asian region and acquired genes to neighborhood. It is current real threat to the public health we should work on it.