Abstract:
Concrete is the basic material in civil engineering. The word concrete has Latin origin. It came from a word “concretus” (meaning compact or condensed) which is combination of “con” (together) and “cresecure” (to grow). Concrete is a combination of aggregate, cement, and water. Cement is the fixture that binds the ingredients together, water gives the concrete viscosity to be moulded and react with the ingredients, and the aggregates are what adds bulk to the concrete.
Nowadays concrete is a general material required for the mankind to create the build environment. Therefore, the requirements of this world are increasing in terms of the performance and economy yet optimizing the use of it from huge structures to the smallest. Now it is a great challenge that how concrete properties can be varied in different angles so that it can be as much useful, keeping in view the engineering properties and economy as possible. Most of the constituent materials with the exception of cement and additives are usually available at low cost locally or at small distances from the construction sites. Its compressive strength makes it suitable for members primarily subject to compression such as columns and arches and foundations
