In Silico Analysis of bZIP, BBR, and BZR Transcription Factor Families from Plants of Poaceae Family

Abstract

The rapid expansion in world population has increased the food demand to sustain the needs. The grass family, Poaceae, is the 5th species-rich family of monocotyledonous flowering plants covering 40% of the earth’s land. Geographic distribution and environmental constraints have a direct impact on plant growth. More than 50% of crops are lost per year due to biotic and abiotic stress. Transcription factors are regulatory proteins known to modulate the gene expression. They are the component of signaling pathways and help in mitigating various developmental and stress responses. Among them, bZIP, BBR, and BZR transcription factor families are well known to play crucial role in regulating growth, development, and defense responses. However, limited data is available on these transcription factor in wheat. In this research, bZIP, BBR, and BZR transcription factors from eight monocot species of Poaceae (T. aestivum, T. urartu, Oryza sativa, O. barthii, O. brachyantha, B. distachyon, Z. mays, and S. bicolor) were studied for dendrogram construction to analyze the evolutionary relatedness. The sequences clustered into one group indicates a degree of evolutionary correlation highlighting the common ancestry of Poaceae. Furthermore, these transcription factor genes were evaluated for envisaging conserved motifs, gene structure, and subcellular localizations in wheat. A comprehensive analysis has given an insight into transcription factor evolution among eight plant species that can also be useful in developing approaches for improving biological resistance and development in wheat.