Quantification of Risk Associated with Climate Change by Analyzing Extremes of Rainfall for Various Met Stations of Pakistan

Abstract

Climate is a vast phenomenon that includes the study of weather, atmospheric variables and external factors. Some of the variables that are commonly used are precipitation, atmospheric pressure, humidity, and temperature. To study the climate of any region, usually decades of data are considered by researchers. Regarding variables that impact the environment, extreme variables play a vital role in assessing and making predictions about the climate. To be more specific, these extreme variables have proved to be very effective for studying and predicting climate hazards. Pakistan has suffered dramatically due to repeated floods in the last two decades. An immediate need to initiate research efforts to investigate and precisely predict climate hazards like floods thoroughly. Any research effort in this domain would help save life losses and stabilize the country’s economy. As extreme rainfall has proved to be highly correlated with floods, in this research, we have presented the statistical analysis of extreme variables, i.e., intense rainfalls, to predict the floods. A thorough study of extreme rainfall is presented in this research. The current study provides an in-depth analysis of the extremes of rainfall of 14 met stations/observatories of the four provinces and Gilgit-Baltistan of Pakistan.