Abstract:
Drowsiness and distraction are one of the biggest reasons for road traffic casualties.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 1.35 million people die annually
due to traffic accidents. The situation of traffic accidents is even worse in developing
and underdeveloped countries. In some of the developing countries, traffic accidents
cost above 3 percent of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Many research efforts
have been done in the recent past to solve this issue through driver monitoring systems.
Most of the scientific techniques developed in this regard are customized for developed
countries. A research gap exists in some aspects of existing techniques e.g. efficiency,
high cost of development and deployment, dependency on standard road and vehicle
conditions, reproducibility of lab testing accuracy in field testing. In this work, an
Internet-of-Things (IoT) based technique is proposed to detect drowsiness and distraction
of drivers in real-time using a computer vision approach. A decision tree algorithm
is implemented due to its compatibility with applications built on decision control logic
and suitability for edge devices. A detailed performance comparison is also made by
implementing the application on devices like Raspberry pi-3, Nvidia Jetson Nano and
7th generation core i7 system. The edge device is also integrated with the cloud end
for remote visualization of real-time data. The results of proposed technique are also
tested on two different datasets of inattentive drivers. The first dataset used for this
purpose is DROZY Dataset which is captured through an Infrared camera, hosted by
Open Repository and Bibliography (ORBi). The second dataset used for measuring
accuracy is UTA Real-time Drowsiness Dataset. This dataset contains videos captured
through an RGB camera and hosted by the University of Texas, Austin.