Epidemiological study of Mastreviruses of the World

Abstract

Mastrevirus is a genus of ssDNA viruses, in the family Geminiviridae. Viruses in this family have icosahedral geometrics, and are non-enveloped, circular. Mostly monocotyledonous plants occur as natural hosts. Planthoppers are their vectors. There are 43 species in this genus. The mastrevirus genome is made up of a single 2.6–2.8 kb circular ssDNA component. Priming complementary-sense DNA synthesis may be aided by a small complementary-sense DNA containing 5′- ribonucleotides annealed to the genomic DNA of chloris striate mosaic virus (CSMV), digitaria streak virus (DSV), maize streak virus (MSV), tobacco yellow dwarf virus (TYDV), and wheat dwarf virus (WDV) within the small intergenic region. Mastreviruses have a rather limited host range. Mastreviruses only infect monocot plant species, with the exception of TYDV and chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV), which infect plants in the Solanaceae and Fabaceae families, respectively. Mastreviruses are spread by a single species of leafhopper (order Hemiptera, family Cicadellidae) in most cases. DNA in its entirety The National Centre for Biotechnology Information (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) was used to find sequences for 43 different Mastrevirus species. FASTA sequences were organized or structured as needed (according to the rules given by international committee on taxonomy of viruses). The software Sequence demarcation tool (SDT version 1.2) was downloaded from the URL http://web.cbio.uct.ac.za/brejnev/ and MUSCLE aligned the NCBI data. Mastrevirus isolates from all over the world totaled 1784, representing 43 different species. Pakistan was responsible for 67 of the 1784 isolates. The GenBank information for a few viruses was found to be lacking in terms of host range, location, and year of virus sample collection, resulting in some ambiguity in determining the actual pattern of mastrevirus distribution. In some Mastreviruses, the total amount of nucleotide bases ranges from 2500 to 2800nt. The majority of selected Mastreviruses, on the other hand, have 2689 nucleotide bases. Major crops infected by Mastrevirus are Maize, Wheat, Chickpea, Barley, Sugarcane and Rice.