Fault Detection, Localization, Isolation and Restoration in Microgrid through Intelligent Relays /

Abstract

Micro-grids have encountered several challenges over time from a control and protection perspective. One of the main issues which is faced related to the protection of micro-grids while integrating Distributed Generations (DGs) is to develop a suitable protection technique that can be effective both in grid-connected and stand-alone operation modes. Our traditional protection and control techniques are not well-equipped to address these pertinent issues. Conventional overcurrent protection schemes face selectivity and sensitivity issues during grid and microgrid faults since the fault current level is different in both cases for the same relay. Adaptive protection is required to change the relay settings according to the current microgrid configuration. The topic of this thesis is “Fault Detection, Localization, Isolation, and Restoration in Microgrid through Intelligent Relays”. As microgrids are dynamic in nature, their parametric values change every second. To handle such dynamic systems, a robust protection technique is presented in this thesis. For fast fault detection and to avoid mal-operation, a sequence component-based approach is suggested. Moreover, determining accurate location, Isolation, and restoration by using an intelligent relay system is also part of this research work. The positive and negative sequence components are extracted from local and remote ends to analyze the system parameters. A sequence components-based algorithm is developed to detect, locate and isolate the fault in the Microgrid system. Also, this system protects and controls radial as well as looped micro-grids against different types of faults with the capability of single-phase tripping.