Hybrid IC Based TR Module For X-band Applications

Abstract

The transmit/receive modules are at the heart of all radar systems employing Active Electronically Scanned Array (AESA). The AESA radars typically require solid state TR modules with high output power, low noise figure and sufficient gain in order to function properly. Since the TR module is about 50-60% of the overall cost of AESA radar, it is therefore important to choose an architecture that meets the specifications with minimal cost. This thesis focuses on the design and development of TR module for X-band applications. The TR module architecture is based on Hybrid Microwave Integrated Circuit Technology using commercial off-the shelf (COTS) components with sufficient high power and high gain. The amplitude and phase control blocks have been realized with GaAs core chip whereas the amplifiers are based on GaN technology. In transmit path of TR module frontend, medium power amplifier is added followed by a high power amplifier to achieve the required gain and output power. In receive path, limiter is added to protect the low noise amplifier and other components in receiver chain. The transmit and receive chains are controlled by a high power circulator. Transmit channel of TR module frontend, gives an output power of 10 watts with more than 50 dB gain. In receive mode, more than 30 dB gain has been achieved with output P1dB of around -5 dBm. The manufactured TR module frontend has three RF ports (SMA Connectors) and one Micro-D connector for DC signals. The TR module frontend is implemented on a Rogers RO4003 substrate and occupies 30 x 49 mm2