Abstract:
Brassica Juncea, a “mustard plant,” is the second largest edible oil crop production source. This
plant has a unique ability to store metal ions, thus recognized as a hyper-accumulator. Metal ions
include cadmium which damages the plant at a morphological, physiological, and biochemical
level. The previous study suggested that the different organic amendments inhibit the translocation
of cadmium ions in plants. Thus, this research has been designed and performed with varying
combinations of biological aspects, including - biochar, PGPR bacteria, and co-planting. The
primary purpose is to identify the best combination for preventing cadmium ions translocation in
the mustard plant. Eight treatments were made with different varieties, including one control and
seven experimental groups. Phenotypical analysis revealed that cadmium reduce plant growth
while the different combination of biological compositions helps the plant growth and yield
quality. Moreover, the biochemical analysis identified that mustard plants with cadmium have
higher antioxidant enzymes than other treatments. Furthermore, it has proven that cadmium
negatively impacts the mustard plant; morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects in
term of phytoremediation, correspondence, with the help of different compound mixtures, its
toxicity can reduce to a certain level. Research concludes that a combination of biochar, PGPR
bacteria, and inter-cropping (T8) give competitively equivalent result as negative control (T1).
This prove that if such combination can enhance growth parameters of hyperaccumulator plants
than in future its use for non-hyperaccumulator plants more specifically crops that show highly
effective under cadmium stress.
