Abstract:
Cadmium is naturally occurring metal that affects many organs even at low level of
exposure. Studies reported that cadmium disturbs the different cellular mechanisms by
interacting with the cell redox maintenance and could lead to cell death. The cure for
cadmium intoxication with medications can have unreceptive side effects so it is
necessary for safe removal of cadmium from the tissues of the body without any
detrimental properties. In order to neutralize the toxic effect of Cadmium highly
antioxidant producing plant like Ficus carica leaves was used. To evaluate the toxic
effect of Cadmium animal models (Wistar rats) were used, 300 ppm of CdCl2
suspension has administered through drinking water upto 7 week. After induction of
toxicity different biochemical tests were conducted like LFT, RFT, Creatinine, Urea,
MDA assay, with different memory and spatial learning behavioral test. Morris water
maze test and Y-maze test were performed to evaluate memory and spatial learning.
The antioxidant level expression of different genes like CATs, SODs, Gpx were
checked by using real time PCR. After induction of Cadmium toxicity, post treatment
by using 500 mg/kg/day of Ficus carica leaves extract was administered by oral route
in their standard diet.
One hundred and thirty seven phytochemical compounds were acquired with the
highest yield of the GC-MS analysis. Onwards, leave were studied for different in
vitro analysis including DPPH scavenging activity and molecular docking analysis of
lead compound with the SOD, CAT and GPx via MOE software. The outcomes of this
study elaborate that Fc leaves can reverse successfully the Cd intoxication. The level
of Cd was reduced in the hippocampus, liver and kidney tissues after treatment with
Fc leaves. The upregulation gene expression of SOD, CAT and GPx were also
observed after the treatment with Fc leaves. Furthermore, Fc leaves revealed to be
more potent in improvement of learning and memory, upregulation of the antioxidant
enzymes expression and downregulation of lipid peroxidation marker in liver, kidney
and hippocampus. The proposed study suggests that diet comprising Fc leaves can be
helpful in the prevention of mortality and morbidity by cadmium.
