Abstract:
Nowadays, the world’s biggest concern is environmental pollution, decrease of
fossil fuel reserves, and the depletion of conventional energy resources. Internal
combustion engine (ICE) vehicles use conventional fossil fuels and are one of the
major contributors of environmental pollution. Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs)
can play a vital role to cater for these issues because they use renewable energy
resources that doesn’t pollute the atmosphere. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles
(PHEV) have attracted vehicle manufacturers and consumers because of their ability to charge battery bank using an external charger. This study proposes a hybrid
energy storage system (HESS) for PHEV that utilizes fuel cell (FC) as a primary
source, with battery and supercapacitor as auxiliary sources. Primary source is
connected to a DC-DC boost converter whereas both the secondary sources are
connected to DC-DC buck-boost converters. All the sources are connected to a
DC bus via these DC converters. In addition, the DC bus is coupled with DC-AC
inverter followed by a motor to drive the PHEV. Initially, a mathematical model of
DC-DC converter is derived. Nonlinear adaptive supertwisting sliding mode controller (AST-SMC) is then designed for the HESS of PHEV. The external charger
contains an AC source and a full-bridge rectifier, followed by a DC-DC buck converter to charge the battery. Adaptive parameter update laws are also designe such that the AST-SMC controller keeps updating itself with time-varying param eters to retain its good performance for a long time. Simulation of the system is
performed using MATLAB/Simulink and results are compared with state of the art
controllers. Hardware in loop (HIL) testing is used for experimental validation of
the system. The results show that the proposed HESS with AST-SMC controller
performs well and remains stable under all load requirements of extra urban drive
cycle (EUDC)
