Abstract:
To improve the safety of Lithium-ion batteries, it is essential to comprehend their behavior
when subjected to high temperatures. The safety of Lithium-ion batteries is closely linked
to the structural arrangement and consistent cell spacing. In this study, a series of charge
and discharge experiments were conducted on battery packs at various C-rates (1C, 1.5C,
and 2C) to assess the impact of thermal management on battery performance. The
temperature variation along the individual cells was examined using phase change
materials to enhance thermal management. The general charging and discharging patterns
of the cells revealed that the highest temperatures were recorded at 2C rate due to high
current, with Cell 5 recording a temperature of 60.98 ℃. The utilization of zinc nitrate
hexahydrate decreased the temperature by 18.98 ℃ to maintain it at 42 ℃, while the usage
of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate resulted in a temperature reduction of 14.48 ℃ maintaining
the temperature at 46.50 ℃. The eutectic mixture, which consisted of 45% zinc nitrate
hexahydrate and 55% calcium nitrate tetrahydrate as a phase changing material, resulted
in a temperature reduction of 21.97 ℃, maintaining the temperature at 39.01 ℃. These
findings demonstrate that the use of eutectic mixtures is the most effective approach when
utilizing phase change materials for the thermal management of Lithium-ion batteries.
Furthermore, this technique resulted in a significant decrease in temperature differences
among the individual cells incorporated inside the battery pack. Hence, the utilization of
phase change materials can be a viable method for enhancing the lifespan and safety of
Lithium-ion batteries.
