Nonlinear Controller Analysis of PV Ultra-capacitor based Plugin Hybrid Electric Vehicle by using Multiport Converter

Abstract

Plugin hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are far better than conventional vehicles due to the depletion of fossil fuels and rising environmental risks. A PHEV consists of a hybrid energy system and a smart charging mechanism. In this study, three sources PV, ultra-capacitor, and battery are coupled with a multiple-input single-output (MISO) buck converter. In this study, the MISO buck converter has been considered. The mathematical model for a hybrid energy system (HES) and the charging unit of a PHEV has been formulated. A non-linear controller known as double integral based super twisting-sliding mode control (ST-SMC) of the MISO converter has been proposed. The main goals of the proposed control strategy are as follows: reduction of chattering effects; avoiding overestimation of switching gains; enhancing the dynamic performance of the system; and smooth tracking of desired reference voltages. The reference voltage of PV for maximum power point has been achieved through a trained artificial neural network (ANN), and the reference has been tracked by a nonlinear controller. An algorithm for energy management has been proposed for enhancing the stability of the system. System stability is guaranteed through the Lyapunov stability criteria. The results of the proposed controller have been compared with the results of the integral sliding mode controller (ISMC), sliding mode controller (SMC), and double integral sliding mode controller (DISMC). A hardware-in-loop experiment is also done to validate the proposed controller's performance.