Abstract:
Femtocells are short-range, low-power and low-cost cellular access points that
support fewer users compared to macro-cells and operate in the mobile operators licensed
spectrum. Femtocells are bene cial for both operators and consumers. They
can provide good network performance at very low cost by increasing indoor coverage
and capacity. Femtocells are typically installed and managed by the consumer
in an unplanned manner. Since distance between macro base station (MBS) and
Femto Access Point (FAP) is short, therefore, it is very hard to sustain low handover
probability when macro user (MUE) moves from MBS to FAP. Installing femtocells
within macrocell coverage can raise major challenges for handover, if deployed ine
ciently. Interference from MBS and neighboring femtocells can degrade signal
strength and create dead-zone area for femtocell User Equipments(FUEs) in the
coverage area of FAP. Moreover, proper frequency allocation is crucial for avoiding
interference. We proposed handover algorithm for uplink co-channel interference
mitigation that will make decision of handover on the basis of time-to-stay (TTS)
and Signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) thresholds. We are also using
e cient resource management mechanism to reduce interference problem by using
fractional frequency reuse (FFR) and a heuristic graph-based channel assignment
algorithm to reduce the interference problem. In FFR scheme, the spectrum is
partitioned in such a way that di erent sub-bands are allocated to di erent cells.
Maximal Independent Set (MIS) scheme is used to avoid neighboring femtocells interference.
The main objective is to avoid interference and unnecessary handovers
by check either resources are available or not.
