Abstract:
The basic aim of recently developed forensic sciences technologies is to identify persons, deceased bodies and human remains found at a crime scene or accident site by using several suitable and appropriate methods, procedure and techniques. Many different methods had been purposed for personal identification in past using conventional biometrics. With advancement of computer technology various methods were devised based on identify the distinguishing features or peculiar characteristics associated with humans such as finger prints, appearance or their voice. Different visual characteristics such as sex, height, body weight, deformation of the body, old scars had also been used as personal identifiers. In 19th century, the forensic personal identification science got progressions and acceleration became more and popular. In this regards the first documentation of fingerprints was defined in 1823 by Johannes Evangelists Purkinje, a Czech anatomist and physiologist. In 1880, for identification of criminals French Police Officer Alphonse Bertillon developed first anthropometric scientific system which was based on physical measurements [8]. In the same pattern, a useful method for classifying fingerprints was devised by Francis Galton.
