EVALUATING THE ROLE OF COMMUNITY-BASED HYDRO POWER PROJECT IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN HUNZA VALLEY OF GILGIT BALTISTAN, PAKISTAN

Abstract

It is a well-known fact that energy is one of the crucial challenges the world is facing nowadays. Additionally, the energy demand grows continuously with the rise in population, urbanism, and technological advancements. With the increase in energy demand non-renewable resources are depleting besides affecting the environment and climate change. To lessen its negative effects on the environment and fulfills future energy demands, the world must find a sustainable and renewable source of energy. Hence, this current study discusses the role of a community-based hydropower plant (CBHPP) in Hunza valley Pakistan, and its impact on sustainability dimensions that are social, economic, and environmental. To analyze the impact of CBHPP on sustainability dimensions, quantitative research methodology mainly focused on the paired T-test along with descriptive analysis of a total sample size of 237 participants from Ahmadabad and nearby beneficiary villages i.e., Altit, Faizabad, and Salmanabad. The analysis mainly compares income level, electricity consumption, and hours of electricity before and after installation of CBHPP and the value of P indicates that the difference is statistical significant and the difference is due to CBHPP. Moreover, the study results indicate that recipients of CBHPP have now efficient, affordable, and clean energy. Furthermore, CBHPP improved the overall living standards of the community by diversifying and increasing job opportunities, stimulating the growth of local businesses, empowering women, and reducing harmful emissions. Hence, the government may also replicate these projects in other rural communities for their well-being.