Impact and Barriers of Modular Formwork use in Pakistan’s Construction Industry

Abstract

In construction, the formwork supports and retains the freshly poured concrete till the time it cures. Formwork has an essential role in the structural works and its operations are labor exhaustive and time-consuming. Modular formwork systems of many types are in use all over the world. These smart systems have automated the process, improving the productivity and cost effectiveness due to their simple and systematic fixing and striping methods along with less skilled labor requirements, higher strength and smooth finished surface. In Pakistan such modular formwork systems are not commonly used. It is important to determine the impact and barriers of such modular formwork systems on Pakistan’s construction industry which could be done by comparing the same with the traditional steel formwork systems. For this purpose, the current study focused on modular formwork erection and striping methodology in view of manufactures guidelines and its comparison with traditional steel formwork. In total, 14 on-going and completed projects were considered and related technical data for both systems was collected to assess the practical approach and impact on the productivity. Systematic literature review, field data, site observatory data and interviews with professionals helped in selecting the most appropriate formwork system considering the top ranked factors through a decision support system. It is found that the lifecycle cost of modular formwork system is economical. However, there is a lack of relevant skilled workforce. It is recommended that such a formwork system be specified in contracts. Lastly, it has become imperative for workers to be provided with necessary skills through training programs and vocational education systems.