A BIM-based tool for Evaluating the Impact of Change Order on Project Schedule, Cost, and Construction and Demolition (C&D) Waste

Abstract

A change order can be initiated by several different stakeholders including owner, owner’s agent or design engineer. This can be caused due to several different reasons such as financial problems, changes in project scope or noncompliance with owners' requirements etc. Changes on one component of the project may cause a ‘ripple effect’ that can have an impact on other elements of the building. Project stakeholders face difficulties identifying which elements of the building will affected and evaluating the different impacts on project schedule, cost and C&D (Construction and Demolition) waste. Reducing C&D waste will not only lead to better financial performance of a project but will also improve on the construction industry in terms of economy and environment. A BIM-based framework in evaluating impact of change orders in a construction project was developed that enable to automatically detect the changes in building elements and evaluate the impacts of the proposed change on project schedule, cost and C&D waste. This framework was then integrated into a BIM based tool to track, report and visualize these impacts more effectively, helping stakeholders in comprehend the impacts of change orders and make better decisions for a project. This BIM based tool can help reduce C&D waste leading to better financial performance of a project and improve the economic and environmental impacts of the construction industry. The BIM-based tool was also tested with a case study to demonstrate its ability and usefulness.