Abstract:
Indoor controlled agriculture also referred as smart cultivation, has gained significant attention in recent years due to its potential to optimize crop growth while conserving resources. This research thesis presents an innovative indoor smart cultivation monitoring system that integrates various environmental sensors, predicting plant growth and measure energy and water consumption into a unified framework. The objective is to enhance cultivation process, reduce resource wastage, and improve plant growth prediction accuracy. Firstly, interfaced temperature, humidity, air quality, light intensity, electrical conductivity and soil moisture sensors with microcontroller to monitor and collect real-time data from cultivated environment. Then data transmitted to cloud server THINGSPEAK for storage and remote monitoring. The collected data has crucial parameters, allowing for a comprehensive analysis of cultivation process of plant. To harness collected data for predictive analysis, several machine learning models are employed, including Random Forest Regressor, Ensembles of Bagged Decision Tree Regressor, Decision Tree, Support Vector Regressor (kernel), Feedforward Neural Network and many others. These models are trained and fine-tuned using historical cultivation data to predict the growth of mint plants accurately. Best model presented after evaluation of analysis on the basis of feature importance, MAE, MSE, RMSE and R- squared values. This system not only provides real-time monitoring and control of cultivation environment but also empowers growers with ability to inform decision message based on alert situations of soil moisture. By measuring energy and water consumption alongside environmental data, the system promotes sustainability. It suggests 120W Solar system with battery backup based on analyzing daily energy consumption of growing mint plant. In conclusion, this research presents an integrated indoor SCMS that leverages sensor technology, cloud computing and machine learning analysis to enhance indoor agriculture practices. It offers a promising approach to increase plant yield and quality while minimizing resources consumption and promotes green energy, thus contributing to advancement of sustainable and efficient agriculture.
