Abstract:
Rising population and escalating electricity demands pose a challenge to conventional power grids' capacity to satisfy the burgeoning energy requirements. This predicament is compounded by the heightened reliance on traditional generators, which exacerbates greenhouse gas emissions. One viable approach to mitigating carbon footprints is the adoption of renewable energy sources. However, traditional power networks are limited by fixed transmission line capacities, necessitating a cautious approach to wind power integration to avert network congestion during peak periods. This, in turn, escalates dispatch costs as pricier generators are deployed to compensate for the curtailment of wind power. Renewable energy's inherent intermittency further complicates its integration into the power grid. To address these challenges, batteries are integrated into existing networks. They stabilize output fluctuations, store surplus wind energy during low-demand periods, and discharge stored energy when wind generation falls short of demand. Yet, to keep pace with escalating demands, power systems require increased flexibility. Enhancing existing line capacities through dynamic line rating alleviates network congestion, bolstering system flexibility. Optimal transmission switching offers another efficient solution by redirecting power flows, thereby reducing operational costs. The paper employs a linearized DC-OPF formulation and MILP in MATLAB to enhance wind energy integration within the IEEE RTS-24 bus system. A comprehensive assessment of these cost-effective technologies reveals their synergistic impact on curbing wind curtailment, load curtailment, and generator dispatch costs. The findings underscore the efficacy of a trifecta of these technologies, resulting in a 45.98% reduction in total operational costs, a 69.91% drop in load curtailment expenses, and an impressive 78.00% decrease in wind curtailment costs, surpassing the outcomes achieved by individual or paired technologies.
