Cultural Center for Kalash tribe of Chitral

Abstract

The study of vernacular architecture has grown significantly, over the past few decades. The research focuses on the dwellings and architecture ‘of the people’ that evolves over time in response to local resources available, cultural values, environmental contexts, and local traditions. The thesis involves the study of vernacular techniques, taking Kalash architecture as a case study and exploring a design that evolves ahead of the indigenous architecture of the valley. The Kalash community is the smallest minority in the Islamic Republic of Pakistan with a small population of 6000 (The World Conservation Union- IUCN, 2008). Situated in the midst of a Muslim majority population, the three little villages of Kalash are an excellent example of the preservation of a community which is distinct in its ethnicity, language, religion and culture. With the present crisis of globalization, the Kalash are going through a phase of change where the need to preserve their culture and identity is more important than ever. Topographic and demographic information on Kalash shows that “the Kalash valleys” have shrunk from 6000 sq. km to an area of 300 sq. km. over the past 7 centuries (IUCN, 2008).Opportunities are required for better economic, social and religious stability of the people and possibilities to promote their land and culture more. Understanding the existing architectural situation of the Kalash we come towards an understanding which upholds their identity, place and culture. Having a distinct character of its own, Kalash architecture in unique in its execution, spatial hierarchy, conceptualization, material and structure. Thus the site study results in the upholding of old processes and techniques, using design as a tool in approaching, preserving and promoting culture. The design for the cultural center will focus on the climatic understanding of the area, direct involvement of materials and active participation in the process of design, construction and use The design for the Cultural center will assemble around spaces that are not only visible operational representation of the Kalash vernacular architecture but also create an experience for the visiting person that symbolizes the Kalash homeland. . The response of vernacular architecture is very much dependent on the conditions that are provided and this understanding will allow the internal arrangements in terms of social association, with the spaces designed becoming subtle and sensitive to the site and community. Concept of gathering will be implied that allows natural meanings to be brought together in relation to human purposes. Design will try to uphold the local spirit of the place relative to its own situation allowing for the development of character of the built form. By projecting an understanding between the nature of spaces, design form and forces of nature, relationship will be obtained with things and people allowing for a meaningful experience. Functions will concretize the various aspects of the design. The architecture will derive meaning from the local context, evolving it ahead to provide an applicability far widespread than the valley.