Environmentally FriendlySlow-ReleaseUrea Fertilizer Based onIronandGeo-Polymer Coating for SustainableNutrient Release

Abstract

The world's population is increasing rapidly day by day, leading in global foodscarcity. Industrial growth, urbanization, and deforestation, on the other side, will enhancefoodshortages in most countries. As a result, in the coming decades, considerable riseinmineral fertilizer is expected. The use of normal industrial urea fertilizer has a number ofdrawbacks, including a number of environmental concerns such as water eutrophicationand toxicity, as well as groundwater contamination, environmental pollution, soil qualitydestruction, and ecosystem disruption. Encapsulation of Fertilizers in Geopolymericcoatings is the method to reduce loses of the important nutrients of the Fertilizers andlowers the environmental pollution by reducing contamination of water, air etc. Coatingsof Iron with Poly-acrylic acid blends are used to encapsulate the Urea granulesinFluidized bed coater. Moreover, different methods including SEM, XRD, UV-VisSpectroscopy, FTIR, Soil Fertilizer is vital for boosting soil fertility, enhancingyields, and promoting the quality of the harvest. But unfortunately, a considerable amount offertilizer is lost, raising agricultural expenses, wasting energy, and contaminatingtheatmosphere, all of which are major obstacles to modern agriculture's sustainability. Forincreased crop yield and rapid economic advancement, a consistent, cost-effective, andlong-term supply of nitrogen (N) and other plant nutrients is necessary, whilemaintaining growing population and a good quality of living. We demonstratetheapplication of mechanochemistry to obtain control release urea fertilizer in a mannerwhich fulfills the needs of crops as per their growth demands. We conduct ureaioniccocrystal synthesis, incorporating potassium chloride, zinc chloride along withureanitrate and urea phosphate via stoichiometric reactions in high yields. The resultant materials exhibit distinctive features acquired from the respective inorganic reactants, leading in urea stability with respect to deliquescence in moist conditions bysubstantially slowing urea hydrolysis in soil, minimizing ammonia emanations&encompassing N accessibility as per crops need