Synthesis, Characterization, and Bioevaluation of N-Protected Amino Acid Conjugates

Abstract

We have continually faced the challenge of diseases, which have evolved in complexity over time. The significance of medicine has increased proportionally, leading to progress in the development of novel drugs. However, the emergence of antibiotic-resistant diseases has a significant impact on our healthcare infrastructure. In response to this challenge, conjugates are formed by coupling N protected amino acids with commercial drugs These conjugates contain amide moiety in their structure. The conjugates were synthesized by first protecting the amino group of amino acid with different protecting groups for example Boc, Cbz, and BzCl, and then coupled with commercial drugs such as 2-Aminobenzothiazole, Sulfadiazine, and Pyrimethamine in the presence of different coupling reagents like EDC and DCC. These synthesized compounds were characterized by FTIR and NMR. The biological activities of these compounds, including their anti-bacterial and cytotoxic assay were evaluated through testing. The anti-bacterial activity was assessed against two bacterial strains such as Escherichia Coli (Gram-negative) and Staphylococcus Aureus (Gram-positive) which were carried out by qualitative method using agar diffusion assay. The synthesized conjugates are 9-50% more potent against bacteria as compared to their starting reactant. NA-5 showed a maximum zone of inhibition of 23mm against Escherichia Coli and 19mm against Staphylococcus Aureus. The MTT assay was performed on the colon cell line to check the cytotoxicity of the synthesized compounds which had no adverse effects on healthy human cells.