Assessing the Removal Efficiency of Microplastics from Water using Electrocoagulation

Abstract

Microplastic contamination is a severe environmental problem that must be addressed, especially in developing countries like Pakistan, where there is a dearth of research on its effects on ecosystems and public health. Our initiative suggests an economical and environmentally friendly method for removing microplastic from aquatic habitats, which helps to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 6 (Clean Water and Sanitation) and 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). For our experiment, we utilized electrocoagulation (EC), an electrolytic method conventionally used for water and wastewater treatment. EC is well-known for producing coagulants in situ that destabilize and agglomerate microplastics. The intrinsic electrochemical reactions of EC further improve particle removal, providing a low-chemical, size-inclusive, and adaptable technique. We prepared low-density polyethylene (LDPE), high-density polyethylene (HDPE), and polypropylene (PP) to create microplastics with a particular size range. Using aluminum electrodes, system optimization was accomplished at 12 volts and 100 rpm. The effectiveness of the EC procedure was evaluated in a pilot trial that removed microplastics up to 94%. Following the experiment, the removed flocs and microplastics were recycled sustainably in the formation of bricks, demonstrating the double advantages of our approach: efficient waste management and successful removal of microplastics