Exploring the trihelix proteins and expression analysis of GT-γ member(s) under drought stress in Potato

Abstract

GT-γ transcription factors, a subfamily known for their involvement in stress responses, remain uncharacterized in Solanum tuberosum under drought stress. This study employed in-silico and wet-lab approaches to investigate their potential role in the plant's drought tolerance mechanisms. Analysis of cis-regulatory elements showed complex networks controlling stress response. Identified StGT-γ genes were highly expressed in leaves, indicating their key role in protecting this vulnerable tissue during drought. Alpha helices were prevalent in their structures, possibly aiding protein stability and interaction. Additionally, intrinsically disordered regions were observed in some StGT-γ proteins, suggesting their role in stress adaptation through flexibility. Protein structure modeling and validation revealed structural diversity within the GT-γ family, potentially reflecting variations in functionalities. Physicochemical analysis highlighted differences in protein properties that could influence their nuclear function. Post-translational modifications further diversified their functionalities. Subcellular localization prediction and topology analysis confirmed their nuclear localization, aligning with the anticipated role in transcriptional regulation. GT-γ proteins likely regulate genes with diverse functions due to structural variations. This is based on the presence of DNA-binding domains and functional annotation suggesting roles in metabolism, gene expression, and stress response. Unique ligands for each trihelix GT-γ factor were identified, highlighting their roles. Molecular docking predicted partners involved in drought response, indicating GT-γ proteins' role in drought tolerance networks. This study enhances understanding of GT-γ factors in potato drought response, guiding future research towards developing drought resistant potatoes. By manipulating the interactions between GT-γ proteins and their partners, we can potentially engineer plants with enhanced stress tolerance