Nonlinear Adaptive Barrier Integral Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control of Hybrid Energy Systems in Ship DC Microgrid: Modelling, Management, and Experimental Validation /

Abstract

This paper proposes a technique that enhances the reliability and environmental sustainability of ship microgrids by implementing a hybrid microgrid configuration. Power quality and system stability have been improved by focusing on eliminating the adverse effects of load fluctuations on a DC bus voltage. So, a comprehensive control structure is implemented which includes a Distribution Generator, Photovoltaic (PV) renewable energy source, and battery-supercapacitor-based energy storage system. A Nonlinear Adaptive Barrier Integral Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control (ABISTSMC) scheme fulfills control objectives effectively. The global asymptotic stability of this system is verified through Lyapunov stability analysis. PV maximum power points for optimal energy extraction are obtained by implementing an artificial neural network. Balancing of power resource allocation between generation and load is done by implementing a Rule Based Energy Management System. Various non-linear controller configurations i.e. Integral Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control and Super Twisting Sliding Mode Control have been simulated and evaluated against the proposed controller in MATLAB/Simulink (2022b). ABISTSMC performs much better in reducing the current chattering of various control phenomena and minimizing DC bus voltage fluctuation amplitudes. Real-time Controller Hardware-in-the-loop experiments validate the proposed approach's robustness and reliability in real-world operating conditions.