Microgrid Integrated Solar-Powered EV Charging Station in Pakistan Under Different Climatic Zones /

Abstract

The increasing depletion of fossil fuels and the increasing concern for the environment have made electric vehicles (EVs) a growing trend in Pakistan. As a result, EV charging station infrastructure is in high demand. However, the country’s energy grid infrastructure is not up to date to handle the increasing number of EVs. Thus, electricity drawn from the grid cannot meet all power requirements for such purposes only. Accordingly, integrating photovoltaics (PV) and grid supply will ensure a stable and reliable source of power for EV charging. This study proposes solar-based grid-tied charging stations (SGTCS) in Pakistan under different climatic zones that seek to optimize electric vehicle (EV) charging by incorporating scheduling techniques designed to maximize the utilization of photovoltaic (PV) power. This model also takes into account climate impacts on power generation across various geographical regions. The SGTCS were implemented using HOMER Grid with case studies undertaken at four city sites across four climatic zones: Skardu, Quetta, Lahore, Karachi and Mithi. The analysis comprised yearly cost estimation; costs related to energy consumption; EV schedule management; reduction of main grid electricity use; and finally impact assessment about environmental changes. The resulting techno-economic implications demonstrate the relevance and applicability of the proposed study.