RevolutionizingWaterDesalination:AdvancedMembraneSynthesisvia CelluloseAcetate-PVHcross-linked withHDI(hexamethylene diisocyanate) and Nanoparticlesintegration

Abstract

The present work investigates the preparation of several membrane types differing by task on the use of differential amounts of cross linked PVA and polyvinyl hydrazine with cellulose acetates, as also polyvinyl hydrazine cross linked with cellulose acetate. All membranes were fabricated using the phase-inversion method. Comprehensive analysis methods such as contact angle measurement, thermogravimetry and ultimate tensile strength of the different membrane samples confirmed the successful development of the membranes with the required chemical and physical properties. The results showed very high absorption rates, acceptable mechanical properties, and reasonable swelling and porosity for membranes destined for water desalination. Among the various variants the best performance in terms of salt absorption was exhibited by the crosslinked polyvinyl hydrazine and polyvinyl alcohol blends with cellulose acetate ratio 7 to 3 and 3 to 7, and crosslinked polyvinyl hydrazine and cellulose acetate membranes of 1 to 1 ratio These variants have removed adverse effects of up to 46% NaCl, 93.5% KCl and 72% CaCl₂ with respective water fluxes as high as 8847.4 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹. From the results, it can be concluded that these membranes are efficient in seawater desalination `selective of salts from seawater’ and good in water flux.