Abstract:
This study investigates the potential protective effects of Indole Propionate on testicular
function checking the, oxidative stress and spermatogenesis in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
(T2DM) rats. Male albino rats were divided into five groups: Control, T2DM,
T2DM+IPA-treated (0.5mg/kg), and Metformin treated and only IPA treated. Diabetes
was induced using a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (STZ) (50mg/kg) via Intraperitoneal
injection. Body weight (B.W), blood glucose levels, testis weight, gonadosomatic Index
(GSI), and serum testosterone levels were measured. Histological analyses of testicular
tissues were performed, and oxidative stress markers, including superoxide dismutase
(SOD), catalase (CAT), and malondialdehyde (MDA), were assessed. The expression of
genes which are important in normal sperm functioning and growth i.e. LDHC, and
FGF21 were evaluated using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRTPCR). The T2DM group exhibited significant reductions in body weight, testicular
weight, GSI, and serum testosterone levels, along with elevated blood glucose and MDA
levels, and decreased SOD and CAT activity. Histological abnormalities, including
damaged seminiferous tubules and reduced cell populations, were prominent in the
T2DM group. Total spermatozoa, viable and non-viable spermatozoa were evaluated with
the help of Computer Assisted Sperm Analysis tool (CASA). IPA significantly improved
these parameters, reducing oxidative stress and improving spermatogenesis. These
findings suggest that IPA can effectively counteract diabetes-induced testicular damage
through antioxidative mechanism. This study highlights the therapeutic potential of IPA
in managing the metabolic and reproductive complications associated with diabetes, thus
laying the foundation for future research and clinical application
