Abstract:
Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L. Czern.) is a potential plant for the aim of phytoextraction of cadmium (Cd) from metal-contaminated soils since it tolerates high concentrations of heavy metals. The degree to which metal sequestering systems are in charge of this tolerance is examined in this study. To achieve this, Indian mustard seedlings were grown in 10mM Cd for 30 and 70 days. According to earlier studies, a number of organic amendments stop cadmium ions in plants from moving about. As a consequence, the planning and implementation of this project included the use of several combinations of biological components, including biochar, PGPR bacteria, and co-planting. The primary objective is to ascertain which elements combine to prevent cadmium ions from translocating inside the mustard plant. A progressive Gene expression analysis, which is crucial in many biological research disciplines, was caused by rising Cd concentrations. Understanding the targeted genes' expression patterns is a handy method for examining the various expression patterns of complicated regulatory networks. Researchers have shown that combining biochar, PGPR bacteria, and intercropping (T8) yields outcomes that are competitively equivalent to a negative control (T1). Additionally, under Cd stress, glutathione and phytochelatin concentration in leaves rose noticeably, although biological combinations offered a great way to boost the mustard plant's phytoremediating effectiveness. This shows that non-hyperaccumulator plants, particularly crops that thrive under cadmium stress, may benefit in the future if a particular combination may enhance the features of hyperaccumulator plants.
