Synthesis of Cellulose-Based Hydrogel Electrolyte from Sawdust Waste for Enhanced Ionic Conductivity in Solid-State Zinc Ion Batteries /

Abstract

Solid-state batteries due to their anti-leakage and durable performance are more efficient and have high energy density as compared to aqueous batteries. Recently, solid state zinc ion batteries (ssZIB) have captured the global market for their inexpensive and eco-friendly nature. Herein, we report a green cellulose-based hydrogel electrolyte extracted from sawdust (SEC-PAM). The synthesized hydrogel, incorporating zinc salts, is assessed for its potential application in ssZIBs. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tensile testing, are employed to elucidate the morphological, thermal, and mechanical properties of the hydrogel. These techniques have shown the interconnected porous matrix of cellulose linked with acrylamide providing a streamlined pathway for zinc ion transportation. Furthermore, the electrochemical performance of the hydrogel electrolyte is analyzed through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to demonstrate its ionic conductivity and suitability as a solid-state electrolyte which is calculated to be 2.1x10-2 Scm-1 . The SEC PAM hydrogel electrolyte shows porous structure, enhanced mechanical integrity, efficient thermal stability, and impressive electrochemical performance leading to a roadmap for further extension and utilization of ssZIBs in practical energy storage devices.