(2024) Pangenome Analysis of Prevotella copri for Pathways involved in Beneficial Roles in the Human Body

Abstract

Prevotella copri is a prominent bacterium in the human gut microbiota, playing a crucial role in several beneficial metabolic pathways. This anaerobic bacterium is particularly involved in the fermentation of complex carbohydrates, producing short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, which are vital for maintaining gut health, regulating inflammation, and supporting immune function. P. copri contributes to the synthesis of essential amino acids, vitamins (especially B-vitamins and K), and other metabolites that influence host metabolism. Its ability to degrade fibre-rich foods and produce SCFAs enhances gut barrier integrity and supports the growth of beneficial bacteria, while inhibiting the proliferation of pathogenic microbes. Additionally, P. copri has been shown to impact mineral absorption, particularly calcium and magnesium, through the production of phytases. Its role in the production of several neurotransmitters highlight its significance in the gut- brain axis. The interaction between P. copri and host immune responses is also significant, as SCFAs produced by this bacterium promote the differentiation of regulatory T cells, reducing inflammation and contributing to immune homeostasis. Prevotella copri's metabolic capabilities, including amino acid synthesis, SCFA production, and vitamin biosynthesis, highlight its critical role in gut health and its potential for therapeutic applications in preventing and managing metabolic and gastrointestinal disorders.