Multi Terminal EV Charging Station with PV Support

Abstract

Improvement and clean charging alternatives for electric vehicles (EVs) have continuously learned from their rapid growth recently, which is a big challenge. The idea of this project lies in designing and constructing a controllable solar-powered EV charging station that will tap into renewable solar capacity to power future road transport. Design of a solar-powered EV charger that employs both solar and AC power and uses a lithium-ion battery to cheaply charge. The principal goal is not only to provide a means of electric vehicle charging but also to enhance flexibility and reliability through the introduction of an intermittent AC electric power backup. It uses a controller consisting of an Arduino-based switch and switches between the PV source and AC from the grid. It tracks the PV source and will charge from the AC grid only when surplus solar power is available. The controller only controls the AC grid when the battery is fully charged or when solar power is insufficient. The code is compiled on the Arduino platform, which includes both battery status monitoring and sourcing decision-making. The battery shutoff will be triggered when it reaches its full charge to protect it from being damaged. A Sepic converter comes after the solar output; it is positioned in a strategic manner. It is an essential part of maintaining the output voltage constant even if the solar input fluctuates, which will consequently improve the life of the battery by protecting it from voltage fluctuations. Conversely, it is critical to be able to monitor the health condition of the lithium-ion battery so that it is not exposed to overcharging or excessive voltage to maximize its life span. A wide range of functions can be performed by this project, and renewable energy is used for charging electric vehicles, thus showcasing its feasibility, and promoting it for sustainable development, which in turn can replace non-renewable sources. The option of solar installation implies some complications, including occasional solar availability and making charging work uninterrupted. This is achieved in the system by using a smart system structure and special equipment, such as Sepic converters and Arduino based controls. The project gives prominence to the fact that cutting-edge power generation technologies, which play a major role in meeting the growing energy needs of electric vehicles, can be incorporated with existing technologies to balance the mix. A V2G model emphasizes not only energy efficiency but also the reliability of the charger. This makes the technology more adaptable to natural circumstances. The implementation of this system would mean that the establishment of off-grid EV charging stations would be greatly increased, and this would be an important step towards having better access to electric vehicle infrastructure in areas where there is no grid. This advanced method is to be used as workable guidance for future advancement in sustainable vehicle technology using solar energy as a main source of energy supply for a revolutionary transformation of the transportation ecosystem.