Design and Implementation of a Hydroponic Automated System for Indoor Agriculture

Abstract

This study presents the design and implementation of a smart hydroponic system for indoor agriculture, leveraging the capabilities of Arduino and Raspberry Pi for real-time monitoring, alarm generation, and deficiency detection in lettuce plants. The system incorporates pH, TDS (Total Dissolved Solids), temperature, and humidity sensors interfaced with Arduino for continuous monitoring of environmental parameters crucial for plant growth. Live data from these sensors are streamed to a website, providing users with instant access to vital information regarding the growing conditions. In case of parameter deviations beyond predefined thresholds, an alarm system is triggered to alert users, ensuring timely intervention to maintain optimal growing conditions. Additionally, Raspberry Pi 5 is utilized for deficiency detection in lettuce plants through image processing techniques. A trained model, utilizing a dataset, enables the Raspberry Pi to identify nutrient deficiencies in plants, enhancing proactive management strategies. The hydroponic system facilitates plant growth by automatically regulating nutrient levels through the dispensation of nutrients into the water reservoir. A motor-driven system ensures efficient circulation of water throughout the setup, optimizing nutrient delivery to the plants. Furthermore, photosynthesis lights are employed to provide adequate illumination for plant growth, promoting healthy development. By integrating Arduino and Raspberry Pi technologies, this smart hydroponic system offers a comprehensive solution for indoor agriculture, enabling remote monitoring, early detection of issues, and automated management of growing conditions. This research contributes to the advancement of precision agriculture, fostering sustainable and efficient cultivation practices in controlled environments.