Impact of Battery Energy Storage Station (BESS) on the Stability of Microgrids (MGs)

Abstract

This research concerns itself with the design and modeling of a microgrid incorporating renewable energy sources like wind and solar resources and employing BESS to boost the microgrids stability and reliability. This research pertains to fundamental issues, for instance voltage variation, frequency sensitivity, and load sharing especially during losses in renewable generation, dynamic loads changes, and others from normal disturbances. In numerous simulations undertaken in the ETAP, various possibilities were studied to determine how the microgrid functions its capabilities with and without the incorporation of BESS. Analysis of the results shows increases in BESS’s ability to reduce voltage fluctuations, maintain the stability of the power grid during faults, and effectively control for power discrepancies arising from variability in load or total generation. The stability was also confirmed through enhanced voltage regulation in 132kV, 33kV and 11kV buses and BESS is capable of immediate compensation in emergency situations. Furthermore, based on economic analysis, the implementation of BESS led to the reduction of utility cost by 36% after a year of implementation with a return on investment annually of 63.2% and approximately 16 months payback period. As a result, this research provides a framework where BESS can be integrated into microgrids adapting efficient and reliable decentralized renewable energy system apart from the utility power. Thus, the findings contribute to the development of the subsequent research and implementation of efficient and sustainable energy systems