Abstract:
Hydroelectric power is generated by using potential and kinetic energy of water.
Now- a-days, small hydropower plant is getting more attention due to its ability to
provide cheap and firm energy to rural areas with or without transmitting to national grid.
Small hydro projects are usually developed as run-off-river schemes on rivers and
irrigation canals.
Pakistan has one of the largest canal irrigation system of the World. 591 sites, with
total potential of 649 MW, have been identified at canal falls by Hydro Planning
Organization (HPO).
This is “run-off-river” project at a canal fall. In order to accomplish the project, data
was collected both from WAPDA and PID. Historical Flow data was analysed to cater for
the effects of GTC on the available flows. FDC was drawn and designed flow of 250
cumecs was selected. Designed capacity was further optimized and rationalized by power
and energy calculations. Rating curves were drawn for Headrace &Tailrace, and elevation
levels were estimated. Gross head (14.25m) and then net head (13.5m) was calculated
from estimated elevation levels. Three Bulb Turbines was selected according to turbine
selection criteria charts and rationalized on the basis of power and energy calculations.
Energy Simulation was run using software TURBNPRO 3. The maximum capacity of the
plant was estimated as 32 MW. Total annual energy produced was 167.57 GWH.
Hydropower plant consists of headrace, fall structure, weir, spillway, trash racks,
turbine, governor, generator, draft tube and tailrace. Design of all the system components
is a lengthy and cumbersome job, therefore, only the hydraulic structures were designed
in this project. Design of powerhouse, electric components and distribution structures are
beyond the scope of this project.
