Concept of Wastes to Energy

Abstract

Self-sufficiency is required for the economy of a nation and is most required in energy. According to an International Analysis, oil and gas reserves of this country will diminish by the end of the second half of this century. For this reason, to attain selfsufficiency, alternative sources of energy have to be found and utilized. The gas which is being used now a days in both commercial as well as domestic use is the salvation for the people of Pakistan. As the population is increasing similarly the gas reservoirs are depleting at a corresponding rate. It is an estimate that by the year 2025 the Sui gas reservoirs will be finished. With this perspective in view, the project was undertaken to find alternative for this situation. So we came up with this solution of using biomass for producing gas. A pragmatic approach and chronological methodology was followed for the accomplishment of targeted objectives of this project. This is mainly based on renewing and recycling of energy source. This study is based upon the design of Anaerobic Reactor. This study mainly involves the conversion of wastes i.e. dairy wastes into energy (Biogas). We live in a country which is in dire need of energy resources due to the current depleting resources. Pakistan is spending 7 billion US Dollars annually on fossil fuels to fulfil its needs. In short an alternative has to be devised and one of the effective alternatives is the production of biogas. In Pakistan, 168 million animals producing 652 million kg of manure (waste) is produced from annually, this can produce 16.3 million m3 of biogas and 21 million tons of bio fertilizer per year. This biogas can be an effective alternative for 70% of the population residing in the rural areas.