Graphic anaesthesia : essential diagrams, equations and tables for anaesthesia (2nd edition - 2023)

Hooper, Tim (author); Nickells, James (author); Payne, Sonja (author)

Graphic anaesthesia : essential diagrams, equations and tables for anaesthesia (2nd edition - 2023)

Hooper, Tim (author); Nickells, James (author); Payne, Sonja (author)

URI: http://10.250.8.41:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/50274

Date: 2023

Abstract:

Graphic Anaesthesia, 2nd Edition by Tim Hooper is a visual guide designed to simplify complex anaesthesia concepts through essential diagrams, equations, and tables. It covers a wide range of topics, including cardiac and respiratory physiology, pharmacodynamics, drug interactions, and regional anaesthesia. Updated with the latest clinical practices, it provides a concise and easy-to-understand reference for anaesthetists, medical students, and healthcare professionals. The book is a valuable tool for quick reference, revision, and exam preparation, making it an indispensable resource for anyone involved in anaesthesia care.

Description:

xv; 283 pages, Illustrations, 20cm. || Includes index || CONTENTS: Cover -- Title Page -- Copyright -- Contents -- Preface -- About the authors -- Abbreviations -- Section 1: Physiology -- 1.1 Cardiac -- 1.1.1 Cardiac action potential – contractile cells -- 1.1.2 Cardiac action potential – pacemaker cells -- 1.1.3 Cardiac action potential – variation in pacemaker potential -- 1.1.4 Cardiac cycle -- 1.1.5 Cardiac output equation -- 1.1.6 Central venous pressure waveform -- 1.1.7 Central venous pressure waveform – abnormalities -- 1.1.8 Einthoven triangle -- 1.1.9 Ejection fraction equation -- 1.1.10 Electrocardiogram -- 1.1.11 Electrocardiogram – cardiac axis and QTc -- 1.1.12 Fick method for cardiac output studies -- 1.1.13 Frank–Starling curve -- 1.1.14 Oxygen flux -- 1.1.15 Pacemaker nomenclature – antibradycardia -- 1.1.16 Pacemaker nomenclature – antitachycardia (implantable cardioverter-defibrillators) -- 1.1.17 Preload, contractility and afterload -- 1.1.18 Pulmonary artery catheter trace -- 1.1.19 Systemic and pulmonary pressures -- 1.1.20 Valsalva manoeuvre -- 1.1.21 Valsalva manoeuvre – clinical applications and physiological abnormalities -- 1.1.22 Vaughan–Williams classification -- 1.1.23 Ventricular pressure–volume loop – left ventricle -- 1.1.24 Ventricular pressure–volume loop – right ventricle -- 1.2 Circulation -- 1.2.1 Blood flow and oxygen consumption of organs -- 1.2.2 Blood vessel structure -- 1.2.3 Hagen–Poiseuille equation -- 1.2.4 Laminar and turbulent flow -- 1.2.5 Laplace’s law -- 1.2.6 Ohm’s law -- 1.2.7 Starling forces in capillaries -- 1.2.8 Starling forces in capillaries – pathology -- 1.2.9 Systemic vascular resistance -- 1.3 Respiratory -- 1.3.1 Alveolar gas equation -- 1.3.2 Alveolar partial pressure of oxygen and blood flow -- 1.3.3 Bohr equation -- 1.3.4 Carbon dioxide dissociation curve and Haldane effect -- 1.3.5 Closing capacity -- 1.3.6 Dead space and Fowler’s method -- 1.3.7 Diffusion -- 1.3.8 Dynamic compression of airways -- 1.3.9 Fick principle and blood flow -- 1.3.10 Forced expiration curves -- 1.3.11 Functional residual capacity of the lungs -- 1.3.12 Lung and chest wall compliance -- 1.3.13 Lung pressure–volume loop -- 1.3.14 Lung volumes and capacities -- 1.3.15 Oxygen cascade -- 1.3.16 Oxygen dissociation curve and Bohr effect -- 1.3.17 Pulmonary vascular resistance -- 1.3.18 Pulmonary vascular resistance and lung volumes -- 1.3.19 Respiratory flow–volume loops -- 1.3.20 Shunt -- 1.3.21 Ventilation–perfusion ratio -- 1.3.22 Ventilatory response to carbon dioxide -- 1.3.23 Ventilatory response to oxygen -- 1.3.24 West lung zones -- 1.3.25 Work of breathing -- 1.4 Neurology -- 1.4.1 Action potential -- 1.4.2 Cerebral blood flow and blood pressure -- 1.4.3 Cerebral blood flow variation with ventilation -- 1.4.4 Cerebrospinal fluid -- 1.4.5 Electroencephalogram waveforms -- 1.4.6 Gate control theory of pain -- 1.4.7 Glasgow Coma Scale -- 1.4.8 Intracranial pressure–volume relationship -- 1.4.9 Intracranial pressure waveform -- 1.4.10 Neuron -- 1.4.11 Neurotransmitters – action -- 1.4.12 Neurotransmitters – classification -- 1.4.13 Reflex arc -- 1.4.14 Synaptic transmission -- 1.4.15 Types of nerve -- 1.4.16 Visual pathway -- 1.5 Renal -- 1.5.1 Autoregulation of renal blood flow -- 1.5.2 Clearance -- 1.5.3 Glomerular filtration rate -- 1.5.4 Loop of Henle -- 1.5.5 Nephron -- 1.5.6 Renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system -- 1.6 Gut -- 1.6.1 Bile -- 1.6.2 Mediators of gut motility -- 1.7 Acid–base -- 1.7.1 Acid–base disturbances -- 1.7.2 Anion gap -- 1.7.3 Buffer solution -- 1.7.4 Dissociation constant and pKa -- 1.7.5 Henderson–Hasselbalch equation -- 1.7.6 Lactic acidosis -- 1.7.7 pH -- 1.7.8 Strong ion difference -- 1.8 Metabolic -- 1.8.1 Krebs cycle -- 1.8.2 Liver lobule -- 1.8.3 Nutrition and energy -- 1.8.4 Vitamins – sources and function -- 1.8.5 Vitamins – toxicity and deficiency -- 1.9 Endocrine -- 1.9.1 Adrenal gland -- 1.9.2 Adrenergic receptor actions -- 1.9.3 Catecholamine synthesis -- 1.9.4 Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis – anatomy -- 1.9.5 Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis – hormones -- 1.9.6 Vitamin D synthesis -- 1.10 Body fluids -- 1.10.1 Body fluid composition -- 1.10.2 Fluid compartments -- 1.10.3 Intravenous fluid composition -- 1.11 Haematology -- 1.11.1 Blood groups -- 1.11.2 Coagulation – cascade (classic) model -- 1.11.3 Coagulation – cell-based model -- 1.11.4 Complement cascade -- 1.11.5 Haemoglobin -- 1.11.6 Prostanoid synthesis -- 1.12 Cellular -- 1.12.1 Cell -- 1.12.2 Cell membrane -- 1.12.3 G-proteins -- 1.12.4 Ion channels -- 1.12.5 Sodium/potassium–ATPase pump -- 1.13 Immunity -- 1.13.1 Antibody -- 1.13.2 Hypersensitivity -- 1.13.3 Innate and adaptive immunity -- 1.14 Muscle -- 1.14.1 Actin–myosin cycle -- 1.14.2 Golgi tendon organ -- 1.14.3 Muscle spindle -- 1.14.4 Muscle types -- 1.14.5 Neuromuscular junction -- 1.14.6 Sarcomere -- 1.14.7 Skeletal muscle structure -- 1.15 Pregnancy and paediatrics -- 1.15.1 Fetal circulation -- 1.15.2 Paediatric differences I -- 1.15.3 Paediatric differences II -- 1.15.4 Physiological changes in pregnancy I -- 1.15.5 Physiological changes in pregnancy II -- Section 2: Anatomy -- 2.1 Functional anatomy -- 2.1.1 Abdominal wall -- 2.1.2 Antecubital fossa -- 2.1.3 Autonomic nervous system -- 2.1.4 Base of skull -- 2.1.5 Brachial plexus -- 2.1.6 Bronchial tree -- 2.1.7 Cardiac vessels – cardiac veins -- 2.1.8 Cardiac vessels – coronary arteries -- 2.1.9 Circle of Willis -- 2.1.10 Cranial nerves -- 2.1.11 Cross-section of neck at C6 -- 2.1.12 Cross-section of spinal cord -- 2.1.13 Dermatomes -- 2.1.14 Diaphragm -- 2.1.15 Epidural space -- 2.1.16 Femoral triangle -- 2.1.17 Intercostal space -- 2.1.18 Internal jugular vein -- 2.1.19 Laryngeal innervation -- 2.1.20 Larynx -- 2.1.21 Limb muscle innervation (myotomes) -- 2.1.22 Lumbar plexus -- 2.1.23 Nose -- 2.1.24 Orbit -- 2.1.25 Rib -- 2.1.26 Sacral plexus -- 2.1.27 Sacrum -- 2.1.28 Spinal nerve -- 2.1.29 Thoracic inlet and first rib -- 2.1.30 Vertebra -- 2.2 Anatomy for regional anaesthesia -- 2.2.1 Axillary -- 2.2.2 Femoral -- 2.2.3 Interscalene -- 2.2.4 Popliteal -- 2.2.5 Sciatic -- 2.2.6 Supraclavicular -- Section 3: Pharmacodynamics and Kinetics -- 3.1 Clearance -- 3.2 Compartment model – one and two compartments -- 3.3 Compartment model – three compartments -- 3.4 Dose–response curves -- 3.5 Elimination -- 3.6 Elimination kinetics -- 3.7 Half-lives and time constants -- 3.8 Meyer–Overton hypothesis -- 3.9 Target-controlled infusions -- 3.10 Volume of distribution -- 3.11 Wash-in curves for volatile agents -- Section 4: Drugs -- 4.1 Alpha-2 adrenoceptor agonists -- 4.2 Anaesthetic agents – etomidate -- 4.3 Anaesthetic agents – ketamine -- 4.4 Anaesthetic agents – propofol -- 4.5 Anaesthetic agents – thiopentone -- 4.6 Anticoagulants -- 4.7 Antiemetics -- 4.8 Antiplatelets -- 4.9 Benzodiazepines -- 4.10 Blood products -- 4.11 Direct-acting oral anticoagulants -- 4.12 Intralipid -- 4.13 Local anaesthetics – mode of action -- 4.14 Local anaesthetics – properties -- 4.15 Neuromuscular blockers – mode of action -- 4.16 Neuromuscular blocking agents – depolarizing -- 4.17 Neuromuscular blocking agents – non-depolarizing -- 4.18 Opioids – mode of action -- 4.19 Opioids – properties -- 4.20 Paracetamol and NSAIDs -- 4.21 Reversal agents -- 4.22 Tranexamic acid -- 4.23 Volatile anaesthetic agents – mode of action -- 4.24 Volatile anaesthetic agents – physiological effects -- 4.4 Volatile anaesthetic agents – properties -- Section 5: Physics -- 5.1 Avogadro’s law -- 5.2 Beer–Lambert law -- 5.3 Critical temperatures and pressure -- 5.4 Diathermy -- 5.5 Doppler effect -- 5.6 Electrical safety -- 5.7 Electricity -- 5.8 Exponential function -- 5.9 Fick’s law of diffusion -- 5.10 Gas laws – Boyle’s law -- 5.11 Gas laws – Charles’ law -- 5.12 Gas laws – Gay-Lussac’s (Third Perfect) law -- 5.13 Gas laws – ideal gas law and Dalton’s law -- 5.14 Graham’s law -- 5.15 Heat -- 5.16 Henry’s law -- 5.17 Humidity -- 5.18 Laser -- 5.19 Metric prefixes -- 5.20 Power -- 5.21 Pressure -- 5.22 Raman effect -- 5.23 Reflection and refraction -- 5.24 SI units -- 5.25 Triple point of water and phase diagram -- 5.26 Types of flow -- 5.27 Wave characteristics -- 5.28 Wheatstone bridge -- 5.29 Work -- Section 6: Clinical Measurement -- 6.1 Bourdon gauge -- 6.2 Clark electrode -- 6.3 Damping -- 6.4 Depth of anaesthesia monitoring -- 6.5 Fuel cell -- 6.6 Monitoring of neuromuscular blockade -- 6.7 Oximetry – paramagnetic analyser -- 6.8 pH measuring system -- 6.9 Pulse oximeter -- 6.10 Severinghaus carbon dioxide electrode -- 6.11 Temperature measurement -- 6.12 Thermocouple and Seebeck effect -- Section 7: Equipment -- 7.1 Bag valve mask resuscitator -- 7.2 Breathing circuits – circle system -- 7.3 Breathing circuits – Mapleson’s classification -- 7.4 Bronchoscope -- 7.5 Cleaning and decontamination -- 7.6 Continuous renal replacement therapy – extracorporeal circuit -- 7.7 Continuous renal replacement therapy – modes -- 7.8 Gas cylinders -- 7.9 Glucometer -- 7.10 Humidifier -- 7.11 Intra-aortic balloon pump -- 7.12 Laryngoscopes -- 7.13 Oxygen delivery systems – Bernoulli principle and Venturi effect -- 7.14 Piped gases -- 7.15 Scavenging -- 7.16 Ultrasound -- 7.17 Vacuum-insulated evaporator -- 7.18 Vaporizer -- 7.19 Ventilation – pressure-controlled -- 7.20 Ventilation – volume-controlled -- 7.21 Viscoelastic tests of clotting -- Section 8: Statistics -- 8.1 Mean, median and mode -- 8.2 Normal distribution -- 8.3 Number needed to treat -- 8.4 Odds ratio -- 8.5 Predictive values -- 8.6 Sensitivity and specificity -- 8.7 Significance tests -- 8.8 Statistical variability -- 8.9 Type I and type II errors -- Section 9: Clinical Prediction -- 9.1 ASA classification -- 9.2 Clinical frailty scale -- 9.3 Cormack and Lehane classification -- 9.4 Mallampati classification -- 9.5 Scoring systems -- Back Cover

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