Exploring the Potential of Onsite Segregation and Sorting of Construction Waste in Pakistan

Abstract

Onsite segregation and sorting of Construction Waste (CW) is a crucial strategy for improving waste management practices and addressing environmental challenges in Pakistan's construction industry, such as excessive landfill dependency, pollution, and resource inefficiency. This study investigates the potential of onsite segregation and sorting within the context of Pakistan, examining key contributing factors and their interrelations. A total of 15 factors were shortlisted through a combination of literature review and preliminary survey. Systems thinking was used to address the complexity of these factors using a causal loop diagram (CLD), which comprises three reinforcing and two balancing loops. The Causal Loop Diagram was further utilized to create a System Dynamics (SD) model containing three stocks: reuse and recycling of materials, pollution, and landfill waste. An additional stock, onsite sorting was introduced to observe the overall effect of all three stocks. The SD model was run through a simulation for a period of five years and the results showed an increase in reuse and recycling of materials and onsite sorting efficiency, alongside a decline in pollution and landfill waste. These findings point out the potential of onsite sorting to reform construction waste management practices in Pakistan, contributing to a more sustainable and environmentally responsible industry. The CLD and SD model provide a comprehensive framework reflecting systems thinking and behavior over time for onsite segregation and sorting of construction waste. This study offers a novel methodology specific to Pakistan’s construction context, setting the stage for sustainable development and improved resource management in the country.