In-situ Synthesis of Pithophora based Cellulose-Silver Nanocomposite Membrane for Heavy Metal Removal and Antimicrobial Applications

Abstract

Modern industrialisation has led to the discharge of massive quantities of lethal contaminants into freshwater systems which require innovative treatment methods. However, most of the current treatment methods are both costly and contribute to environmental destruction in the form of discharge or deforestation of raw material procurement. The aim of this research is to provide a biodegradable and cost-effective solution for wastewater treatment by utilising highly crystalline Pithophora cellulose. A compact cellulose membrane was prepared by combining it with silver nitrate solution and using the in-situ method for the generation of silver nanoparticles which was then tested for its filtration using vacuum filtration to evaluate its volumetric flux and understand the porous nature of the membrane. Antimicrobial testing of the membrane was also conducted through disk diffusion method using E. coli and S. aureus bacteria. The Pithophora cellulose-silver nanocomposite membrane was found to have excellent filtration properties due to its complex fibre network while the silver ions provide antimicrobial properties that are comparable to conventional antibiotic