Elucidation of Therapeutic Effect of Trachyspermum ammi Mediated Selenium Nanoparticles in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by inflammation of synovium which leads to bone erosion and cartilage damage. The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is yet to be answered but deficiency of some trace elements are reported to be involved in pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis such as level of selenium is less in plasma and serum of patients with rheumatoid arthritis when compared with normal individuals. Nanotechnology, the multidisciplinary field in present day sciences that study the materials and different phenomena in very small scale ranging from 1-100nm. Selenium nanoparticles are gaining more importance in recent years due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and anticancer properties. They are also known to be biocompatible and non-toxic as compared to other forms of selenium. Among various methods of nanoparticle synthesis biological method is preferred now a days because of many advantages over other methods especially in the field of therapeutics. In this study plant extract (trachyspermum ammi) mediated selenium nanoparticles was evaluated for their therapeutic effect in rheumatoid arthritis. After primary indication of selenium nanoparticle synthesis by change in colour of reaction mixture, the presence of selenium nanoparticle was confirmed by observing spectrum using UV/Vis spectrophotometry that showed the peak at 273nm. Furthermore, newly synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM and EDS. The antioxidant activity of biogenic selenium nanoparticles was determined by DPPH assay and compared with positive control that represents significant increase in free radical scavenging ability with increase in concentration of selenium nanoparticles. Antibacterial activity of Se NPs was also evaluated by using disc diffusion assay against E.coli and S.aureus and found clear zone of inhibition which increases with increase in concentration. Finally, MTT assay was performed for cytotoxicity analysis of biogenic selenium nanoparticles that found less toxic then sodium selenite.