An unparalleled level of difficulty and threat has been posed to construction industry and its supply chain by the COVID-19 pandemic. Overall, the pandemic has caused major disruptions to the construction supply chain, ...

Transit-oriented development (TOD) is a need of the modern world. It has the potential to solve traffic related problems in compliance with sustainability. In this study the effect of transit station location, in an urban ...

Recently, Pakistan has experienced drastic effects of smog; smog is the mixture of fog and smoke, polluted air formed by human activities like burning of coal, excessive use of vehicles and many others. Lahore is one of ...

The frequency of infectious diseases was very low before 1900s. With the advancement of technology and increasing population, the evolution of diseases has also increased the pace and the frequency has also increased. ...

Traditional building methods were primarily concerned with the cost of the product, its performance, and ensuring that it reached a quality standard. The concept of sustainable development focuses on contemporary ...

The concept of developing the country without considering the development of rural areas is meaningless [United Nations (1968)]. More than 67% of Pakistan's population lives in rural areas. Therefore, it is necessary to ...

The number of disasters triggered by climate change and extreme weather events has increased in the last few decades. The Hindukush-Karakorum-Himalayan region is prone to multi-hazards. Remote settlements in the region ...

Pakistan is a signatory to the Paris Agreement, which aims to limit global warming to well below 2°C and pursue efforts to limit it to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. As part of the agreement, Pakistan submitted its ...

Green roofs, an opportunity to simultaneously mitigate environmental problems and create lifeenhancing value, represent a class of technology that can be considered Bioengineering or Biomimicry. The purpose of this study ...

Management and allocation of water resources has turned out to be more challenging than before due to increase in population. Increase in water demand due to rapid surge in population has also resulted in water scarcity ...