Abstract:
The world is expandingday by day; demanding manifold development in communication and building infrastructure. The network of road in those part of the world where there are deserts. Soil are mostly of low strengthfor roads as well as building foundations. The roads built in those areas are expensive due to weak subgrade soils.•An analytical study was conducted to evaluate effectiveness of soil stabilization by adding waste materials with these natural soils to enhance the characteristics of the subgradeof these soils. Almost 30 research papers were analyzed. The byproduct of Cement Kiln’sDust (CKD)was used to enhance the properties of soil. Study encompass soils from different part of world and checked with percentages of CKD such as 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% cured for 7-28 days depending uponthesitecondition. The percentages depend uponthechemicalcomposition of CKD andhygroscopicmoisture content of thatarea. The mixtures were tested for basic soilproperties i.e. Atterberg limit,Dry Density,Specific gravity, pH,and Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) to improve engineering properties such as California Bearing Ratio (CBR), cohesion, Angle of internal friction, permeabilityand compressibility.The results of these tests showed enhancement in the engineeringproperties of soil.By adding 0 to 20% CKD in dam’sembankmentsDirect Shear strength increased from 270 to 450KPa. Void ratio decreased from 1.25 to 1.01%. Hydraulic conductivity decreases from 9.123 to 6.124 cm/s.In foundations with 2.5 to 7.5% CKD. The shear strength increases from 13 to 54 KPa. Cohesion increases from 4 to 10 KPa. Penetration decreases from 18 to 11.3mm.Slope stabilitywith 10 to 30% CKD. CBR increased from 7.3% to 30%. Cohesion increased 0.12 to 1.04 KPa. Angle of internal friction increased from 13 to 16.For roads with 5-25% CKD OMC decreases from 18% to 15% and increase MDD from 1.68 to 1.78g/cc. UCS increases from 1.691 to 5.24Kg/cm2. The CBR increases from 2.26 to 8.32%.•
