DESIGN AND MODELING OF INTAKE AND EXHAUST SYSTEMS OF A RECIPROCATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE

Abstract

Engine is a machine that is designed to convert heat energy produced by combustion of fuel to useful mechanical energy. They have diverse applications everywhere around us; from driving cars, trucks, bikes, to generating electricity or propelling a ship or a small aircraft. These applications are just a few to mention. Whichever be the application area, the sole purpose of engine is to generate power. In any industry of application, whenever engine is developed, it goes through some iterative tuning techniques to obtain best possible performance. In this project, the flow of fluid (air) during the intake and exhaust are studied using thermodynamic equations. The state of fluid at the points of interest such as orifice formed due to opening and closure of intake and exhaust valves is observed. Study of intake and exhaust flows is of great importance for engine development and advancement of technology. The scope of our project covers; analytical model of the flows under discussion, use of the model to achieve a tuned runner length and suggest the required mechanical component change in mechanism operating opening and closing of valves. Most engine manufacturers in the world tend to maximize engine volumetric efficiency for a specific range of operating RPMs. There are several methods to achieve an increased volumetric efficiency. Whatsoever be the method, the importance of knowing the operational intake and exhaust flows can never be neglected.