Abstract:
Entanglement of particles is a predominant aspect of quantum mechanical
systems and is the most contradictory with classical intuitions. Ever since its
conception by Einstein, Rosen and Podolsky, much e ort has been directed
into exploiting the odd nature of entangled particles in the interdisciplinary
eld of quantum information and computation. Applications include secure
quantum key distribution in cryptography, superdense coding, teleportation,
etc and the most striking implementation in quantum computers which make
use of entangled bits as data registers for faster processing of information.
The vast applications of entangled states requires their quanti cation and
generation at an extensive level. In this thesis, we have highlighted the
important measures to inquire the degree of entanglement in discrete and
continuous variable bipartite system. The use of entanglement as a resource is
explored in the computational tool of quantum walks wherein, entanglement
in the coin states enhances the probability ditribution of the walker to far
o positions. This is exploited to devise quantum algorithms that are much
fast paced as compared to their classical counterparts.
