Development and appraisal of natural anti-coagulant coating for biomedical implants

Abstract

Thrombosis, or localized blood clotting, can occur mostly in vascular circulation and also has serious medical consequences. Chronic arterial thrombosis is indeed the root cause of most occurrences of heart attack and nearly 80% of strokes in the industrialized world, making it the leading cause of death. Vascular grafts, prostheses, stents, and catheters tubes are common blood-contacting medical devices used to treat cardiac problems. The formation of thrombus is a common cause of device failure. Curcumin, cinnamon, ginger, fennel, dong quai, and magnolol have pharmacological qualities such as anticoagulant therapy, antimutagenic, antioxidant capabilities, and anti-inflammatory, and can be utilized to coat biomedical implants such as drug-eluting stents for cardiovascular disease treatment. A degradable polymer with varying molecular weights was employed to manage the polymer's decomposition; three different natural medicines, such as cinnamon, fennel, and dong quai, were used because of their established pharmacological capabilities to address the coagulation problem. It is predicted that just by coating the exterior of medical devices with natural polymer-based anticoagulant coatings, the need for systemic anticoagulation will be significantly reduced, if not eliminated entirely.